Anuket Project
Lakelse RA1 Review
- David McBride
Owned by David McBride
NOTE: The review team concluded that RA1 had not changed significantly since the previous review (under OPNFV) in the fall of 2020, so given the limited time available, the review team focused its efforts on RA2.
2.2.1 Cloud Infrastructure Software Profile Requirements for Compute (source RM 5.2)
| Reference | Description | Requirement for Basic Profile | Requirement for High Performance Profile | Specification Reference | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| e.cap.001 | Max number of vCPU that can be assigned to a single VM by the Cloud Infrastructure | At least 16 | At least 16 | ||
| e.cap.002 | Max memory that can be assigned to a single VM by the Cloud Infrastructure | at least 32 GB | at least 32 GB | ||
| e.cap.003 | Max storage that can be assigned to a single VM by the Cloud Infrastructure | at least 320 GB | at least 320 GB | ||
| e.cap.004 | Max number of connection points that can be assigned to a single VM by the Cloud Infrastructure | 6 | 6 | ||
| e.cap.005 | Max storage that can be attached / mounted to VM by the Cloud Infrastructure | Up to 16TB1 | Up to 16TB1 | ||
| e.cap.006/ infra.com.cfg.003 | CPU pinning support | Not required | Must support | ||
| e.cap.007/ infra.com.cfg.002 | NUMA support | Not required | Must support | ||
| e.cap.018/ infra.com.cfg.005 | Simultaneous Multithreading (SMT) enabled | Not required | Must support | ||
| i.cap.018/ infra.com.cfg.004 | Huge Pages configured | Not required | Must support |
Table 2-1: Reference Model Requirements: Cloud Infrastructure Software Profile Capabilities
1 Defined in the
.bronzeconfiguration in RM section 4.2.6 Storage Extensions
2.2.1.1 Cloud Infrastructure Software Profile Extensions Requirements for Compute
| Reference | Description | Profile Extensions | Profile Extra-Specs | Specification Reference | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| e.cap.008/ infra.com.acc.cfg.001 | IPSec Acceleration using the virtio-ipsec interface | Compute Intensive GPU | |||
| e.cap.010/ infra.com.acc.cfg.002 | Transcoding Acceleration | Compute Intensive GPU | Video Transcoding | ||
| e.cap.011/ infra.com.acc.cfg.003 | Programmable Acceleration | Firmware-programmable adapter | Accelerator | ||
| e.cap.012 | Enhanced Cache Management: L=Lean; E=Equal; X=eXpanded | E | E | ||
| e.cap.014/ infra.com.acc.cfg.004 | Hardware coprocessor support (GPU/NPU) | Compute Intensive GPU | |||
| e.cap.016/ infra.com.acc.cfg.005 | FPGA/other Acceleration H/W | Firmware-programmable adapter |
2.2.2 Cloud Infrastructure Software Profile Requirements for Netwokring (source RM 5.2.3)
The features and configuration requirements related to virtual networking for the two (2) types of Cloud Infrastructure Profiles are specified below followed by networking bandwidth requirements.
| Reference | Description | Requirement for Basic Profile | Requirement for High Performance Profile | Specification Reference | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infra.net.cfg.001 | IO virtualisation using virtio1.1* | Must support | Must support | ||
| infra.net.cfg.002 | The overlay network encapsulation protocol needs to enable ECMP in the underlay to take advantage of the scale-out features of the network fabric | Must support VXLAN, MPLSoUDP, GENEVE, other | No requirement specified | ||
| infra.net.cfg.003 | Network Address Translation | Must support | Must support | ||
| infra.net.cfg.004 | Security Groups | Must support | Must support | ||
| infra.net.cfg.005 | SFC support | Not required | Must support | ||
| infra.net.cfg.006 | Traffic patterns symmetry | Must support | Must support |
Table 2-2a: Reference Model Requirements: Virtual Networking
- Workload Transition Guidelines might have other interfaces (such as SR-IOV VFs to be directly passed to a VM) or NIC-specific drivers on guest machines transiently allowed until more mature solutions are available with an acceptable level of efficiency to support telecom workloads (for example regarding CPU and energy consumption).
The required number of connection points to a VM is described in e.cap.004 above. The table below specifies the required bandwidth of those connection points.
| Reference | Description | Requirement for Basic Profile | Requirement for High Performance Profile | Specification Reference | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, n6 | 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Gbps | Must support | Must support | ||
| n10, n20, n30, n40, n50, n60 | 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 Gbps | Must support | Must support | ||
| n25, n50, n75, n100, n125, n150 | 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150 Gbps | Optional | Must support | ||
| n50, n100, n150, n200, n250, n300 | 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 Gbps | Optional | Must support | ||
| n100, n200, n300, n400, n500, n600 | 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 Gbps | Optional | Must support |
Table 2-2b: Reference Model Requirements: Network Interface Specifications
2.2.2.1 Cloud Infrastructure Software Profile Extensions Requirements for Networking
| Reference | Description | Requirement for Basic Profile | Requirement for High Performance Profile | Specification Reference | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| e.cap.013/ infra.hw.nac.cfg.004 | SR-IOV over PCI-PT | N | Y | ||
| e.cap.019/ infra.net.acc.cfg.001 | vSwitch optimisation (DPDK) | N | Y | ||
| e.cap.015/ infra.net.acc.cfg.002 | SmartNIC (for HW Offload) | N | Optional | ||
| e.cap.009/ infra.net.acc.cfg.003 | Crypto acceleration | N | Optional | ||
| infra.net.acc.cfg.004 | Crypto Acceleration Interface | N | Optional |
2.2.3 Cloud Infrastructure Software Profile Requirements for Storage (source RM 5.2)
| Reference | Description | Requirement for Basic Profile | Requirement for High Performance Profile | Specification Reference | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infra.stg.cfg.002 | Storage Block | Must support | Must support | ||
| infra.stg.cfg.003 | Storage with replication | Not required | Must support | ||
| infra.stg.cfg.004 | Storage with encryption | Must support | Must support | ||
| infra.stg.acc.cfg.001 | Storage IOPS oriented | Not required | Must support | ||
| infra.stg.acc.cfg.002 | Storage capacity oriented | Not required | Not required |
Table 2-3: Reference Model Requirements: Cloud Infrastructure Software Profile Requirements
2.2.3.1 Cloud Infrastructure Software Profile Extensions Requirements for Storage
| Reference | Description | Profile Extensions | Profile Extra-Specs | Specification Reference | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infra.stg.acc.cfg.001 | Storage IOPS oriented | Storage Intensive High-performance storage | |||
| infra.stg.acc.cfg.002 | Storage capacity oriented | High Capacity |
2.2.4 Cloud Infrastructure Hardware Profile Requirements (source RM 5.4)
| Reference | Description | Requirement for Basic Profile | Requirement for High Performance Profile | Specification Reference | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infra.hw.001 | CPU Architecture (Values such as x64, ARM, etc.) | ||||
| infra.hw.cpu.cfg.001 | Minimum number of CPU (Sockets) | 2 | 2 | ||
| infra.hw.cpu.cfg.002 | Minimum number of Cores per CPU | 20 | 20 | ||
| infra.hw.cpu.cfg.003 | NUMA | Not required | Must support | ||
| infra.hw.cpu.cfg.004 | Simultaneous Multithreading/Symmetric Multiprocessing (SMT/SMP) | Must support | Must support | ||
| infra.hw.stg.hdd.cfg.001 | Local Storage HDD | No requirement specified | No requirement specified | ||
| infra.hw.stg.ssd.cfg.002 | Local Storage SSD | Should support | Should support | ||
| infra.hw.nic.cfg.001 | Total Number of NIC Ports available in the host | 4 | 4 | ||
| infra.hw.nic.cfg.002 | Port speed specified in Gbps (minimum values) | 10 | 25 | ||
| infra.hw.pci.cfg.001 | Number of PCIe slots available in the host | 8 | 8 | ||
| infra.hw.pci.cfg.002 | PCIe speed | Gen 3 | Gen 3 | ||
| infra.hw.pci.cfg.003 | PCIe Lanes | 8 | 8 | ||
| infra.hw.nac.cfg.003 | Compression | No requirement specified | No requirement specified |
Table 2-4a: Reference Model Requirements: Cloud Infrastructure Hardware Profile Requirements
2.2.4.1 Cloud Infrastructure Hardware Profile-Extensions Requirements (source RM 5.4)
| Reference | Description | Requirement for Basic Profile | Requirement for High Performance Profile | Specification Reference | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| e.cap.014/ infra.hw.cac.cfg.001 | GPU | N | Optional | ||
| e.cap.016/ infra.hw.cac.cfg.002 | FPGA/other Acceleration H/W | N | Optional | ||
| e.cap.009/ infra.hw.nac.cfg.001 | Crypto Acceleration | N | Optional | ||
| e.cap.015/ infra.hw.nac.cfg.002 | SmartNIC | N | Optional | ||
| infra.hw.nac.cfg.003 | Compression | Optional | Optional | ||
| e.cap.013/ infra.hw.nac.cfg.004 | SR-IOV over PCI-PT | N | Yes |
2.2.5 Cloud Infrastructure Management Requirements (source RM 4.1.5)
| Reference | Description | Requirement (common to all Profiles) | Specification Reference | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| e.man.001 | Capability to allocate virtual compute resources to a workload | Must support | ||
| e.man.002 | Capability to allocate virtual storage resources to a workload | Must support | ||
| e.man.003 | Capability to allocate virtual networking resources to a workload | Must support | ||
| e.man.004 | Capability to isolate resources between tenants | Must support | ||
| e.man.005 | Capability to manage workload software images | Must support | ||
| e.man.006 | Capability to provide information related to allocated virtualised resources per tenant | Must support | ||
| e.man.007 | Capability to notify state changes of allocated resources | Must support | ||
| e.man.008 | Capability to collect and expose performance information on virtualised resources allocated | Must support | ||
| e.man.009 | Capability to collect and notify fault information on virtualised resources | Must support |
Table 2-5: Reference Model Requirements: Cloud Infrastructure Management Requirements
2.2.6 Cloud Infrastructure Security Requirements
2.2.6.1. System Hardening (source RM 7.9.1)
| Ref # | sub-category | Description | Traceability | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sec.gen.001 | Hardening | The Platform must maintain the specified configuration. | RA-1 6.3.6 "Security LCM", RA-1 7.2 "Cloud Infrastructure and VIM configuration management" | |
| sec.gen.002 | Hardening | All systems part of Cloud Infrastructure must support password hardening as defined in CIS Password Policy Guide. | RA-1 6.3.1.3 "Password policy" | |
| sec.gen.003 | Hardening | All servers part of Cloud Infrastructure must support a root of trust and secure boot. | RA-1 6.3.1.1 "Server boot hardening" | |
| sec.gen.004 | Hardening | The Operating Systems of all the servers part of Cloud Infrastructure must be hardened by removing or disabling unnecessary services, applications and network protocols, configuring operating system user authentication, configuring resource controls, installing and configuring additional security controls where needed, and testing the security of the Operating System (NIST SP 800-123). | RA-1 6.3.1.4 "Function and Software" | |
| sec.gen.005 | Hardening | The Platform must support Operating System level access control. | RA-1 6.3.1.2 "System Access" | |
| sec.gen.006 | Hardening | The Platform must support Secure logging. Logging with root account must be prohibited when root privileges are not required. | RA-1 6.3.1.2 "System Access" | |
| sec.gen.007 | Hardening | All servers part of Cloud Infrastructure must be Time synchronized with authenticated Time service. | RA-1 6.3.7.6 "Security Logs Time Synchronisation" | |
| sec.gen.008 | Hardening | All servers part of Cloud Infrastructure must be regularly updated to address security vulnerabilities. | RA-1 6.3.1.5 "Patches", RA-1 6.3.6 "Security LCM" | |
| sec.gen.009 | Hardening | The Platform must support Software integrity protection and verification. | RA-1 6.3.3.2 "Integrity of OpenStack components configuration", RA-1 6.3.5 "Image Security" | |
| sec.gen.010 | Hardening | The Cloud Infrastructure must support encrypted storage, for example, block, object and file storage, with access to encryption keys restricted based on a need to know (Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know). | RA-1 6.3.3.3 "Confidentiality and Integrity of tenant data" | |
| sec.gen.012 | Hardening | The Operator must ensure that only authorized actors have physical access to the underlying infrastructure. | This requirement’s verification goes beyond Anuket testing scope | |
| sec.gen.013 | Hardening | The Platform must ensure that only authorized actors have logical access to the underlying infrastructure. | RA-1 6.3.1.2 "System Access" | |
| sec.gen.015 | Hardening | Any change to the Platform must be logged as a security event, and the logged event must include the identity of the entity making the change, the change, the date and the time of the change. | RA-1 6.3.6 "Security LCM" |
Table 2-6: Reference Model Requirements: System Hardening Requirements
2.2.6.2. Platform and Access (source RM 7.9.2)
| Ref # | sub-category | Description | Traceability | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sec.sys.001 | Access | The Platform must support authenticated and secure access to API, GUI and command line interfaces | RA-1 6.3.2.4 "RBAC" | |
| sec.sys.002 | Access | The Platform must support Traffic Filtering for workloads (for example, Fire Wall). | RA-1 6.3.4 "Workload Security" | |
| sec.sys.003 | Access | The Platform must support Secure and encrypted communications, and confidentiality and integrity of network traffic. | RA-1 6.3.3.1 "Confidentiality and Integrity of communications" | |
| sec.sys.004 | Access | The Cloud Infrastructure must support authentication, integrity and confidentiality on all network channels. | RA-1 6.3.3.1 "Confidentiality and Integrity of communications" | |
| sec.sys.005 | Access | The Cloud Infrastructure must segregate the underlay and overlay networks. | RA-1 6.3.3.1 "Confidentiality and Integrity of communications" | |
| sec.sys.006 | Access | The Cloud Infrastructure must be able to utilize the Cloud Infrastructure Manager identity lifecycle management capabilities. | RA-1 6.3.2.1 "Identity Security" | |
| sec.sys.007 | Access | The Platform must implement controls enforcing separation of duties and privileges, least privilege use and least common mechanism (Role-Based Access Control). | RA-1 6.3.2.4 "RBAC" | |
| sec.sys.008 | Access | The Platform must be able to assign the Entities that comprise the tenant networks to different trust domains. (Communication between different trust domains is not allowed, by default.) | RA-1 6.3.4 "Workload Security" | |
| sec.sys.009 | Access | The Platform must support creation of Trust Relationships between trust domains. These maybe uni-directional relationships where the trusting domain trusts another domain (the “trusted domain”) to authenticate users for them or to allow access to its resources from the trusted domain. In a bidirectional relationship both domain are “trusting” and “trusted”. | ||
| sec.sys.010 | Access | For two or more domains without existing trust relationships, the Platform must notallow the effect of an attack on one domain to impact the other domains either directly or indirectly. | ||
| sec.sys.011 | Access | The Platform must not reuse the same authentication credentials (e.g., key pairs) on different Platform components (e.g., different hosts, or different services). | RA-1 6.3.1.2 "System Access" | |
| sec.sys.012 | Access | The Platform must protect all secrets by using strong encryption techniques and storing the protected secrets externally from the component (e.g., in OpenStack Barbican) | ||
| sec.sys.013 | Access | The Platform must generate secrets dynamically as and when needed. | ||
| sec.sys.015 | Access | The Platform must not contain back door entries (unpublished access points, APIs, etc.). | ||
| sec.sys.016 | Access | Login access to the Platform's components must be through encrypted protocols such as SSH v2 or TLS v1.2 or higher. Note: Hardened jump servers isolated from external networks are recommended | RA-1 6.3.6 "Security LCM" | |
| sec.sys.017 | Access | The Platform must provide the capability of using digital certificates that comply with X.509 standards issued by a trusted Certification Authority. | RA-1 6.3.3.1 "Confidentiality and Integrity of communications" | |
| sec.sys.018 | Access | The Platform must provide the capability of allowing certificate renewal and revocation. | ||
| sec.sys.019 | Access | The Platform must provide the capability of testing the validity of a digital certificate (CA signature, validity period, non revocation, identity). |
Table 2-7: Reference Model Requirements: Platform and Access Requirements
2.2.6.3. Confidentiality and Integrity (source RM7.9.3)
| Ref # | sub-category | Description | Traceability | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sec.ci.001 | Confidentiality/Integrity | The Platform must support Confidentiality and Integrity of data at rest and in transit. | RA-1 6.3.3 "Confidentiality and Integrity" | |
| sec.ci.003 | Confidentiality/Integrity | The Platform must support Confidentiality and Integrity of data related metadata. | ||
| sec.ci.004 | Confidentiality | The Platform must support Confidentiality of processes and restrict information sharing with only the process owner (e.g., tenant). | ||
| sec.ci.005 | Confidentiality/Integrity | The Platform must support Confidentiality and Integrity of process-related metadata and restrict information sharing with only the process owner (e.g., tenant). | ||
| sec.ci.006 | Confidentiality/Integrity | The Platform must support Confidentiality and Integrity of workload resource utilization (RAM, CPU, Storage, Network I/O, cache, hardware offload) and restrict information sharing with only the workload owner (e.g., tenant). | ||
| sec.ci.007 | Confidentiality/Integrity | The Platform must not allow Memory Inspection by any actor other than the authorized actors for the Entity to which Memory is assigned (e.g., tenants owning the workload), for Lawful Inspection, and for secure monitoring services. Administrative access must be managed using Platform Identity Lifecycle Management. | ||
| sec.ci.008 | Confidentiality | The Cloud Infrastructure must support tenant networks segregation. | RA-1 6.3.4 "Workload Security" |
Table 2-8: Reference Model Requirements: Confidentiality and Integrity Requirements
2.2.6.4. Workload Security (source RM7.9.4)
| Ref # | sub-category | Description | Traceability | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sec.wl.001 | Workload | The Platform must support Workload placement policy. | RA-1 6.3.4 "Workload Security" | |
| sec.wl.002 | Workload | The Cloud Infrastructure must provide methods to ensure the platform’s trust status and integrity (e.g. remote attestation, Trusted Platform Module). | ||
| sec.wl.003 | Workload | The Platform must support secure provisioning of Workloads. | RA-1 6.3.4 "Workload Security" | |
| sec.wl.004 | Workload | The Platform must support Location assertion (for mandated in-country or location requirements). | RA-1 6.3.4 "Workload Security" | |
| sec.wl.005 | Workload | The Platform must support the separation of production and non-production Workloads. | This requirement’s verification goes beyond Anuket testing scope | |
| sec.wl.006 | Workload | The Platform must support the separation of Workloads based on their categorisation (for example, payment card information, healthcare, etc.) | RA-1 6.3.4 "Workload Security" |
Table 2-9: Reference Model Requirements: Workload Security Requirements
2.2.6.5. Image Security (source RM7.9.5)
| Ref # | sub-category | Description | Traceability | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sec.img.001 | Image | Images from untrusted sources must not be used. | RA-1 6.3.5 "Image Security" | |
| sec.img.002 | Image | Images must be scanned to be maintained free from known vulnerabilities. | RA-1 6.3.5 "Image Security" | |
| sec.img.003 | Image | Images must not be configured to run with privileges higher than the privileges of the actor authorized to run them. | ||
| sec.img.004 | Image | Images must only be accessible to authorized actors. | RA-1 6.3.3.2 "Confidentiality and Integrity of communications" | |
| sec.img.005 | Image | Image Registries must only be accessible to authorized actors. | RA-1 6.3.3.2 "Confidentiality and Integrity of communications" | |
| sec.img.006 | Image | Image Registries must only be accessible over networks that enforce authentication, integrity and confidentiality. | RA-1 6.3.3.2 "Confidentiality and Integrity of communications" | |
| sec.img.007 | Image | Image registries must be clear of vulnerable and out of date versions. | RA-1 6.3.3.2 "Confidentiality and Integrity of communications", RA-1 6.3.5 "Image Security" |
Table 2-10: Reference Model Requirements: Image Security Requirements
2.2.6.6. Security LCM (source RM7.9.6)
| Ref # | sub-category | Description | Traceability | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sec.lcm.001 | LCM | The Platform must support Secure Provisioning, Availability, and Deprovisioning (Secure Clean-Up) of workload resources where Secure Clean-Up includes tear-down, defense against virus or other attacks. | RA-1 6.3.7 "Monitoring and Security Audit" | |
| sec.lcm.002 | LCM | The Cloud Operator must use management protocols limiting security risk such as SNMPv3, SSH v2, ICMP, NTP, syslog and TLS v1.2 or higher. | RA-1 6.3.6 "Security LCM" | |
| sec.lcm.003 | LCM | The Cloud Operator must implement and strictly follow change management processes for Cloud Infrastructure, Cloud Infrastructure Manager and other components of the cloud, and Platform change control on hardware. | RA-1 6.3.7 "Monitoring and Security Audit" | |
| sec.lcm.005 | LCM | Platform must provide logs and these logs must be monitored for anomalous behavior. | RA-1 6.3.7 "Monitoring and Security Audit" | |
| sec.lcm.006 | LCM | The Platform must verify the integrity of all Resource management requests. | RA-1 6.3.3.3 "Confidentiality and Integrity of tenant data" | |
| sec.lcm.007 | LCM | The Platform must be able to update newly instantiated, suspended, hibernated, migrated and restarted images with current time information. | ||
| sec.lcm.008 | LCM | The Platform must be able to update newly instantiated, suspended, hibernated, migrated and restarted images with relevant DNS information. | ||
| sec.lcm.009 | LCM | The Platform must be able to update the tag of newly instantiated, suspended, hibernated, migrated and restarted images with relevant geolocation (geographical) information. | ||
| sec.lcm.010 | LCM | The Platform must log all changes to geolocation along with the mechanisms and sources of location information (i.e. GPS, IP block, and timing). | ||
| sec.lcm.011 | LCM | The Platform must implement Security life cycle management processes including the proactive update and patching of all deployed Cloud Infrastructure software. | RA-1 6.3.1.5 "Patches" | |
| sec.lcm.012 | LCM | The Platform must log any access privilege escalation. | RA-1 6.3.7.2 "What to Log" |
Table 2-11: Reference Model Requirements: Security LCM Requirements
2.2.6.7. Monitoring and Security Audit (source RM7.9.7)
The Platform is assumed to provide configurable alerting and notification capability and the operator is assumed to have automated systems, policies and procedures to act on alerts and notifications in a timely fashion. In the following the monitoring and logging capabilities can trigger alerts and notifications for appropriate action.
| Ref # | sub-category | Description | Traceability | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sec.mon.001 | Monitoring/Audit | Platform must provide logs and these logs must be regularly monitored for events of interest. The logs must contain the following fields: event type, date/time, protocol, service or program used for access, success/failure, login ID or process ID, IP address and ports (source and destination) involved. | RA-1 6.3.7.1 "Creating logs", RA-1 6.3.7.4 "Required Fields" | |
| sec.mon.002 | Monitoring | Security logs must be time synchronised. | RA-1 6.3.7.6 "Security Logs Time Synchronisation" | |
| sec.mon.003 | Monitoring | The Platform must log all changes to time server source, time, date and time zones. | RA-1 6.3.7.6 "Security Logs Time Synchronisation" | |
| sec.mon.004 | Audit | The Platform must secure and protect Audit logs (containing sensitive information) both in-transit and at rest. | RA-1 6.3.6 "Security LCM" | |
| sec.mon.005 | Monitoring/Audit | The Platform must Monitor and Audit various behaviours of connection and login attempts to detect access attacks and potential access attempts and take corrective actions accordingly | RA-1 6.3.3.2 "Confidentiality and Integrity of communications", RA-1 6.3.7.2 "What to log, what not to log" | |
| sec.mon.006 | Monitoring/Audit | The Platform must Monitor and Audit operations by authorized account access after login to detect malicious operational activity and take corrective actions. | RA-1 6.3.3.2 "Integrity of OpenStack components configuration", RA-1 6.3.7 "Monitoring and Security Audit" | |
| sec.mon.007 | Monitoring/Audit | The Platform must Monitor and Audit security parameter configurations for compliance with defined security policies. | RA-1 6.3.3.2 "Integrity of OpenStack components configuration" | |
| sec.mon.008 | Monitoring/Audit | The Platform must Monitor and Audit externally exposed interfaces for illegal access (attacks) and take corrective security hardening measures. | RA-1 6.3.3.1 "Confidentiality and Integrity of communications" | |
| sec.mon.009 | Monitoring/Audit | The Platform must Monitor and Audit service for various attacks (malformed messages, signalling flooding and replaying, etc.) and take corrective actions accordingly. | RA-1 6.3.3.2 "Confidentiality and Integrity of communications", RA-1 6.3.7 "Monitoring and Security Audit" | |
| sec.mon.010 | Monitoring/Audit | The Platform must Monitor and Audit running processes to detect unexpected or unauthorized processes and take corrective actions accordingly. | RA-1 6.3.7 "Monitoring and Security Audit" | |
| sec.mon.011 | Monitoring/Audit | The Platform must Monitor and Audit logs from infrastructure elements and workloads to detected anomalies in the system components and take corrective actions accordingly. | RA-1 6.3.7.1 "Creating logs" | |
| sec.mon.012 | Monitoring/Audit | The Platform must Monitor and Audit Traffic patterns and volumes to prevent malware download attempts. | RA-1 6.3.3.3 "Confidentiality and Integrity of tenant data" | |
| sec.mon.013 | Monitoring | The monitoring system must not affect the security (integrity and confidentiality) of the infrastructure, workloads, or the user data (through back door entries). | ||
| sec.mon.015 | Monitoring | The Platform must ensure that the Monitoring systems are never starved of resources and must activate alarms when resource utilisation exceeds a configurable threshold. | RA-1 6.3.7 "Monitoring and Security Audit" | |
| sec.mon.017 | Audit | The Platform must audit systems for any missing security patches and take appropriate actions. | RA-1 6.3.1.5 "Patches" | |
| sec.mon.018 | Monitoring | The Platform, starting from initialization, must collect and analyze logs to identify security events, and store these events in an external system. | RA-1 6.3.7.3 "Where to Log" | |
| sec.mon.019 | Monitoring | The Platform’s components must not include an authentication credential, e.g., password, in any logs, even if encrypted. | RA-1 6.3.7.2 "What to Log" | |
| sec.mon.020 | Monitoring/Audit | The Platform’s logging system must support the storage of security audit logs for a configurable period of time. | RA-1 6.3.7.5 "Data Retention | |
| sec.mon.021 | Monitoring | The Platform must store security events locally if the external logging system is unavailable and shall periodically attempt to send these to the external logging system until successful. | RA-1 6.3.7.3 "Where to Log" |
Table 2-12: Reference Model Requirements: Monitoring and Security Audit Requirements
2.2.6.9. Open Source Software (source RM7.9.8)
| Ref # | sub-category | Description | Traceability | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sec.oss.001 | Software | Open source code must be inspected by tools with various capabilities for static and dynamic code analysis. | ||
| sec.oss.002 | Software | The CVE(Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures) must be used to identify vulnerabilities and their severity rating for open source code part of Cloud Infrastructure and workloads software, https://cve.mitre.org/ | ||
| sec.oss.003 | Software | High severity rated vulnerabilities must be fixed. Refer to the CVSS (Common Vulnerability Scoring System) to know a vulnerability score. | ||
| sec.oss.004 | Software | A dedicated internal isolated repository separated from the production environment mustbe used to store vetted open source content. |
Table 2-13: Reference Model Requirements: Open Source Software Security Requirements
2.2.6.9. IaaC security (source RM7.9.9)
Secure Code Stage Requirements
| Ref # | sub-category | Description | Traceability | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sec.code.001 | IaaC | SAST -Static Application Security Testing must be applied during Secure Coding stage triggered by Pull, Clone or Comment trigger. Security testing that analyses application source code for software vulnerabilities and gaps against best practices. Example: open source OWASP range of tools. |
Table 2-14: Reference Model Requirements: IaaC Security Requirements, Secure Code Stage
Continuous Build, Integration and Testing Stage Requirements
| Ref # | sub-category | Description | Traceability | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sec.bld.003 | IaaC | Container and Image Scan must be applied during the Continuous Build, Integration and Testing stage triggered by Package trigger. Example: A push of a container image to a container registry may trigger a vulnerability scan before the image becomes available in the registry. |
Table 2-15: Reference Model Requirements: IaaC Security Requirements, Continuous Build, Integration and Testing Stage
Continuous Delivery and Deployment Stage Requirements
| Ref # | sub-category | Description | Traceability | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sec.del.001 | IaaC | Image Scan must be applied during the Continuous Delivery and Deployment stage triggered by Publish to Artifact and Image Repository trigger. Example: GitLab uses the open source Clair engine for container image scanning. | ||
| sec.del.002 | IaaC | Code Signing must be applied during the Continuous Delivery and Deployment stage triggered by Publish to Artifact and Image Repository trigger. Code Signing provides authentication to assure that downloaded files are form the publisher named on the certificate. | ||
| sec.del.004 | IaaC | Component Vulnerability Scan must be applied during the Continuous Delivery and Deployment stage triggered by Instantiate Infrastructure trigger. The vulnerability scanning system is deployed on the cloud platform to detect security vulnerabilities of specified components through scanning and to provide timely security protection. Example: OWASP Zed Attack Proxy (ZAP). |
Table 2-16: Reference Model Requirements: IaaC Security Requirements, Continuous Delivery and Deployment Stage
Runtime Defence and Monitoring Requirements
| Ref # | sub-category | Description | Traceability | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sec.run.001 | IaaC | Component Vulnerability Monitoring must be continuously applied during the Runtime Defence and Monitoring stage. Security technology that monitors components like virtual servers and assesses data, applications, and infrastructure for security risks. |
Table 2-17: Reference Model Requirements: IaaC Security Requirements, Runtime Defence and Monitoring Stage
2.2.6.10. Compliance with Standards (source RM7.9.10)
| Ref # | sub-category | Description | Traceability | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sec.std.012 | Standards | The Public Cloud Operator must, and the Private Cloud Operator may be certified to be compliant with the International Standard on Awareness Engagements (ISAE) 3402 (in the US: SSAE 16); International Standard on Awareness Engagements (ISAE) 3402. US Equivalent: SSAE16. |
2.3 Architecture and OpenStack Requirements
"Architecture" in this chapter refers to Cloud infrastructure (referred to as NFVI by ETSI) + VIM (as specified in Reference Model Chapter 3).
2.3.1 General Requirements
| Ref # | sub-category | Description | Traceability | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gen.ost.01 | Open source | The Architecture must use OpenStack APIs. | RA-1 5.3 | |
| gen.ost.02 | Open source | The Architecture must support dynamic request and configuration of virtual resources (compute, network, storage) through OpenStack APIs. | RA-1 5.3 | |
| gen.rsl.01 | Resiliency | The Architecture must support resilient OpenStack components that are required for the continued availability of running workloads. | ||
| gen.avl.01 | Availability | The Architecture must provide High Availability for OpenStack components. | RA-1 4.2 "Underlying Resources" |
Table 2-19: General Requirements
2.3.2 Infrastructure Requirements
| Ref # | sub-category | Description | Traceability | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| inf.com.01 | Compute | The Architecture must provide compute resources for VM instances. | RA-1 3.3.1.4 "Cloud Workload Services" | |
| inf.com.04 | Compute | The Architecture must be able to support multiple CPU type options to support various infrastructure profiles (Basic and High Performance). | RA-1 4.4.1. "Support for Cloud Infrastructure Profiles and flavors" | |
| inf.com.05 | Compute | The Architecture must support Hardware Platforms with NUMA capabilities. | RA-1 4.4.1. "Support for Cloud Infrastructure Profiles and flavors" | |
| inf.com.06 | Compute | The Architecture must support CPU Pinning of the vCPUs of VM instance. | RA-1 4.4.1. "Support for Cloud Infrastructure Profiles and flavors" | |
| inf.com.07 | Compute | The Architecture must support different hardware configurations to support various infrastructure profiles (Basic and High Performance). | RA-1 3.3.3. "Host aggregates providing resource pooling" | |
| inf.com.08 | Compute | The Architecture must support allocating certain number of host cores for all non-tenant workloads such as for OpenStack services. SMT threads can be allocated to individual OpenStack services or their components. | Dedicating host cores to certain workloads (e.g., OpenStack services). Please see example, "Configuring libvirt compute nodes for CPU pinning" | |
| inf.com.09 | Compute | The Architecture must ensure that the host cores assigned to non-tenant and tenant workloads are SMT aware: that is, a host core and its associated SMT threads are either all assigned to non-tenant workloads or all assigned to tenant workloads. | Achieved through configuring the "cpu_dedicated_set" and "cpu_shared_set" parameters in nova.conf correctly. | |
| inf.stg.01 | Storage | The Architecture must provide remote (not directly attached to the host) Block storage for VM Instances. | RA-1 3.4.2.3. "Storage" | |
| inf.stg.02 | Storage | The Architecture must provide Object storage for VM Instances. Operators may choose not to implement Object Storage but must be cognizant of the risk of "Compliant VNFs" failing in their environment. | OpenStack Swift Service (RA-1 4.3.1.4 "Swift") | |
| inf.ntw.01 | Network | The Architecture must provide virtual network interfaces to VM instances. | RA-1 5.2.5. "Neutron" | |
| inf.ntw.02 | Network | The Architecture must include capabilities for integrating SDN controllers to support provisioning of network services, from the OpenStack Neutron service, such as networking of VTEPs to the Border Edge based VRFs. | RA-1 3.2.5. "Virtual Networking – 3rd party SDN solution" | |
| inf.ntw.03 | Network | The Architecture must support low latency and high throughput traffic needs. | RA-1 4.2.3. "Network Fabric" | |
| inf.ntw.05 | Network | The Architecture must allow for East/West tenant traffic within the cloud (via tunnelled encapsulation overlay such as VXLAN or Geneve). | RA-1 4.2.3. "Network Fabric" | |
| inf.ntw.07 | Network | The Architecture must support network resiliency. | RA-1 3.4.2.2. "Network" | |
| inf.ntw.10 | Network | The Cloud Infrastructure Network Fabric must be capable of enabling highly available (Five 9’s or better) Cloud Infrastructure. | RA-1 3.4.2.2. "Network" | |
| inf.ntw.15 | Network | The Architecture must support multiple networking options for Cloud Infrastructure to support various infrastructure profiles (Basic and High Performance). | RA-1 4.2.3.4. "Neutron ML2-plugin Integration" and "OpenStack Neutron Plugins" | |
| inf.ntw.16 | Network | The Architecture must support dual stack IPv4 and IPv6 for tenant networks and workloads. |
Table 2-20: Infrastructure Requirements
2.3.3 VIM Requirements
| Ref # | sub-category | Description | Traceability | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| vim.01 | General | The Architecture must allow infrastructure resource sharing. | RA-1 3.2. "Consumable Infrastructure Resources and Services" | |
| vim.03 | General | The Architecture must allow VIM to discover and manage Cloud Infrastructure resources. | RA-1 5.2.7. "Placement" | |
| vim.05 | General | The Architecture must include image repository management. | RA-1 4.3.1.2. "Glance" | |
| vim.07 | General | The Architecture must support multi-tenancy. | RA-1 3.2.1. "Multi-Tenancy" | |
| vim.08 | General | The Architecture must support resource tagging. | "OpenStack Resource Tags" |
Table 2-21: VIM Requirements
2.3.4 Interfaces & APIs Requirements
| Ref # | sub-category | Description | Traceability | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| int.api.01 | API | The Architecture must provide APIs to access the authentication service and the associated mandatory features detailed in chapter 5. | RA-1 5.2.1 "Keystone" | |
| int.api.02 | API | The Architecture must provide APIs to access the image management service and the associated mandatory features detailed in chapter 5. | RA-1 5.2.2 "Glance" | |
| int.api.03 | API | The Architecture must provide APIs to access the block storage management service and the associated mandatory features detailed in chapter 5. | RA-1 5.2.3 "Cinder" | |
| int.api | API | The Architecture must provide APIs to access the object storage management service and the associated mandatory features detailed in chapter 5. | RA-1 5.2.4 "Swift" | |
| int.api.05 | API | The Architecture must provide APIs to access the network management service and the associated mandatory features detailed in chapter 5. | RA-1 5.2.5 "Neutron" | |
| int.api.06 | API | The Architecture must provide APIs to access the compute resources management service and the associated mandatory features detailed in chapter 5. | RA-1 5.2.6 "Nova" | |
| int.api.07 | API | The Architecture must provide GUI access to tenant facing cloud platform core services except at Edge/Far Edge clouds. | RA-1 4.3.1.9 "Horizon" | |
| int.api.08 | API | The Architecture must provide APIs needed to discover and manage Cloud Infrastructure resources. | RA-1 5.2.7. "Placement" | |
| int.api.09 | API | The Architecture must provide APIs to access the orchestration service. | RA-1 5.2.8 "Heat" | |
| int.api.10 | API | The Architecture must expose the latest version and microversion of the APIs for the given Anuket OpenStack release for each of the OpenStack core services. | RA-1 5.2 Core OpenStack Services APIs |
Table 2-22: Interfaces and APIs Requirements
2.3.5 Tenant Requirements
| Ref # | sub-category | Description | Traceability | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| tnt.gen.01 | General | The Architecture must support multi-tenancy. | duplicate of vim.07 | |
| tnt.gen.02 | General | The Architecture must support self-service dashboard (GUI) and APIs for users to deploy, configure and manage their workloads. | RA-1 4.3.1.9 "Horizon" and 3.3.1.4 Cloud Workload Services |
Table 2-23: Tenant Requirements
2.3.6 Operations and LCM
| Ref # | sub-category | Description | Traceability | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| lcm.gen.01 | General | The Architecture must support zero downtime of running workloads when the number of compute hosts and/or the storage capacity is being expanded or unused capacity is being removed. | ||
| lcm.adp.02 | Automated deployment | The Architecture must support upgrades of software, provided by the cloud provider, so that the running workloads are not impacted (viz., hitless upgrades). Please note that this means that the existing data plane services should not fail (go down). |
Table 2-24: LCM Requirements
2.3.7 Assurance Requirements
| Ref # | sub-category | Description | Traceability | Notes and GitHub Issue link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| asr.mon.01 | Integration | The Architecture must include integration with various infrastructure components to support collection of telemetry for assurance monitoring and network intelligence. | ||
| asr.mon.03 | Monitoring | The Architecture must allow for the collection and dissemination of performance and fault information. | ||
| asr.mon.04 | Network | The Cloud Infrastructure Network Fabric and Network Operating System must provide network operational visibility through alarming and streaming telemetry services for operational management, engineering planning, troubleshooting, and network performance optimisation. |
Table 2-25: Assurance Requirements
Table 2-18: Refere